Karcinom nosnega žrela Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

review of treatment results at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana

Abstract

Karcinom nosnega žrela je v Sloveniji in večjem delu zahodnega sveta zelo redka vrsta malignega tumorja. Med pomembne dejavnike za njegov nastanek štejemo okužbo z virusom Epstein-Barr, genetsko nagnjenost in nekatere dejavnike okolja. Temeljno zdravljenje je obsevanje. Kemoterapija ima pomembno vlogo pri zdravljenju napredovalih stadijev bolezni, tudi oddaljenih zasevkov. V prispevku so opisani etiologija, patologija, simptomatika, diagnostika in zdravljenje karcinoma nosnega žrela. Predstavljeni so rezultati retrospektivne analize uspešnosti zdravljenja in pomena napovednih dejavnikov pri bolnikih s to vrsto raka v Sloveniji v obdobju od 1990 do 2003. Rezultati zdravljenja z obsevanjem z dodano kemoterapijo ali brez nje pri slovenskih bolnikih v preiskovanem obdobju so primerljivi z rezultati retrospektivnih raziskav s konvencionalnim obsevanjem v drugih delih sveta.

Abstract (Eng)

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a very rare type of malignant tumor which appears sporadically in the district of Slovenia and most parts of the Western world. Factors important for its development are infection with Epstein-Barr virus, genetic susceptibility and some environmental factors. The main modality of treatment is radiotherapy. Chemotherapy has an important role in the treatment of advanced stages of the disease, including distant metastases. In the article, etiology, pathology, symptoms, diagnostics and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma as well as retrospective analysis of treatment results and value of prognostic factors in the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana between 1990-2003 are described.